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Japan: who enters visa-free and for how many days, the full consular process, the Uruguayan passport problem and where JESTA stands

Japan still does not have an ESTA-style electronic permit up and running. Today there are two and a half paths. One: your passport is on the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) visa-exemption list and you enter directly, with no prior procedure. Two: it is not, and you have to apply for a Short-Term Stay visa at the Japanese embassy, consulate general or consular office with jurisdiction over your home address. The half path is the JAPAN eVISA, which lets you do everything online but is open only to residents of a handful of countries. The underlying condition for the exemption, according to MOFA, is that the stay be 90 days or less and that «they are not going to be engaged in income-earning activities». And what it is NOT: the Japanese visa is not an entry permit. MOFA puts it bluntly: «A visa is no more than one of the requirements for the application to land in Japan and it does not guarantee that you will be able to enter Japan». On JESTA, the electronic authorisation Japan is building: the law ALREADY exists, but the system is NOT yet in force and there is no date. Details in the last step.

⚠️ Sensitive information — always check the official source
Visa requirements, quotas, amounts and dates change often. Every fact in this guide was checked against the official source on 2026-09-23 and we re-check it periodically, but before starting any procedure confirm the details on the official links (embassy, consulate or ministry) shown on this page. viajacongus.com does not process visas and does not replace official information.
💵 How much it costs
IF YOU ENTER VISA-FREE: zero, there is no procedure and no fee. IF YOU NEED A VISA: the fee changed this year and the official page is dated 24 June 2026. Verbatim from MOFA: «The “Cabinet Order on Fees Collected by Consular Officers,” which sets forth visa fees, has been amended and comes into effect on July 1, 2026. For visa applications accepted at overseas diplomatic missions on or after that date, the fee, converted into Japanese yen, will be approximately 15,000 yen for a single-entry visa and approximately 30,000 yen for a multiple-entry visa». How it is paid: «As a general rule, payment shall be made in the local currency of the country (region) where the Embassy or Consulate-General of Japan issuing the visa is located», and the method is cash: «In principle, fees must be paid in cash using the local currency. In case that you apply for eVISA through the JAPAN eVISA website, online payment by credit card is available for certain countries and regions». Two clarifications worth keeping at hand. First, and it is good news: «If a visa is not issued, no visa fee will be charged» — if they refuse you, you do not pay. Second: «if you apply through an agency approved by the Embassy or Consulate General of Japan, a separate handling fee charged by the agency will apply, in addition to the visa fee in the event a visa is issued». Third, and it is bad news: if they issue it and you then cancel the trip, «visa fees will not be refunded even if the visa is cancelled before being used». MOFA also notes that «Depending on the purpose of your visit and your nationality, fees may not be required or the amount may differ». All verified on 23/09/2026.
⏳ How long it takes
Published standard timeframe: «The time required from visa application to visa issuance is 5 working days from the day following the date of receipt of the application, provided that there is no particular problem with the content of application». The official checklist for the single-entry visa rounds it to a different figure: «It takes approximately one week to process the application». And there are two ways it can stretch. One, by volume: «it may take longer than usual if a large number of visa applications converge at a short-time period». The other, and this is the one that ruins trips: «If there is any problem with the content of the application, the Embassy/Consulate General transmits the application to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Tokyo for further examination. In such cases issuance of a visa may take more than a month». The official FAQ is even blunter about the range: «please note that it may take more than 5 working days (ranging from a couple of weeks to several months) in such cases where additional confirmation is required». And there is no way to speed it up: «We cannot make a decision about whether to issue or reject the visa application until the necessary examination has been completed. We process the applications fairly in the order in which we received them».
📅 How long it's valid
Four things need to be kept separate. (1) DAYS OF STAY WHEN ENTERING VISA-FREE: «The period of stay granted upon landing permission will be “15 days” for Indonesia and Thailand, “30 days” for Brunei and Qatar, and “90 days” for other countries and regions». That is, 90 days for all our exempt nationalities. (2) DAYS OF STAY FOR THE NOTE 8 COUNTRIES (Mexico, Austria, Germany, Ireland, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and the United Kingdom): up to 6 months, but with a procedure in between: «those who wish to stay in Japan for more than 90 days are required to apply for an extension of the period of stay to the Ministry of Justice (Regional Immigration Bureau) before the period of permitted stay is to expire». (3) VALIDITY OF THE CONSULAR VISA, which MOFA DOES publish and almost nobody quotes: «Visas are only valid for entering Japan on one occasion. The period of validity of the single-entry visa is three months». Three months to use it, and it is used up on the first landing: «The visa will become invalid once he/she applied for landing or be expired by reaching expiry date which is earlier». It cannot be extended: «The extension of period of validity of visa is not possible». For multiple-entry visas: «Multiple-entry visas can be issued to business travelers, etc. The period of validity of these visas is from one to five years, and these visas can be used any number of times during their period of validity»; for nationals of Latin America and the Caribbean the official guide specifies «The period of stay is 90 days maximum. The visa validity is 1 year, 3 years or 5 years. It is decided depending on the qualification (such as nationality) of the applicant». (4) THE eVISA: «Single-entry short-term stay visa for the purpose of Tourism (for a period of up to 90 days)».

👤 Who needs it?

MOFA publishes a list of «74 countries and regions» with reciprocal visa-exemption arrangements, on a page updated on 1 September 2025, with a table by continent and eleven footnotes that change the outcome. We read the whole thing on 23/09/2026. Of our twenty-eight nationalities, these ENTER VISA-FREE FOR 90 DAYS, with no passport condition: Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Dominican Republic, Suriname, Spain, Italy, Germany, Denmark, Andorra, United States and Australia. These ENTER VISA-FREE BUT ONLY WITH AN ICAO-COMPLIANT ePASSPORT (note 2): BRAZIL (since 30/09/2023), PANAMA (since 01/04/2024), PARAGUAY (since 01/06/2025) and PERU (since 01/07/2025). This one ENTERS VISA-FREE WITH A LONGER STAY (note 8): MEXICO, which is in the group with exemptions of up to 6 months. This one HAS ITS OWN SERIOUS WARNING: URUGUAY (note 11; see the dedicated step). And these are NOT ON THE LIST, so they NEED A CONSULAR VISA: COLOMBIA, BOLIVIA, ECUADOR, CUBA, NICARAGUA and VENEZUELA. On Colombia there is a separate note, number 10, which survives even though Colombia no longer appears in the table: «Nationals of Colombia (since February 1, 2004) are advised to obtain a visa in advance, otherwise will be strictly examined and may be refused entry to Japan». The 74 include the 27 countries of the European Union, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Monaco, San Marino, Serbia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Canada, New Zealand, Israel, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Turkey, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei, Thailand, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Lesotho, Mauritius, Tunisia, Bahamas and Barbados.

🧭 The step by step

1
Step 0: find your country on the list of 74, and read the eleven footnotes
The list is on the MOFA website, in a table by continent with eleven numbered notes. The notes are not decorative fine print: they decide whether you get in or get sent back at the counter. Start by confirming your country is in the table, then check whether it has a note number next to it, and only then read that note. The general condition for the exemption is the one in the official FAQ: «People of some countries (or from some regions) do not need a visa if their period of stay in Japan is 90 days or less and they are not going to be engaged in income-earning activities».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: If your country is NOT in the table, the procedure is not «turn up and explain»: it is getting a consular visa. Of our nationalities, Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela are not on it. And watch out for an oddity we verified: note 10 on Colombia is still published («are advised to obtain a visa in advance, otherwise will be strictly examined and may be refused entry to Japan») even though Colombia no longer appears in the exemption table. The safe reading is the one that does not leave you grounded: with a Colombian passport, get a visa.
2
Check how many days you get, because it is not 90 for everyone
Verbatim: «The period of stay granted upon landing permission will be “15 days” for Indonesia and Thailand, “30 days” for Brunei and Qatar, and “90 days” for other countries and regions». For all our exempt nationalities it is 90 days. That number is what the officer writes on your landing permission, not something you choose.
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: The 90 days are days of stay, not validity of anything: they count from the day you enter. If your plan is a long trip around Asia with Japan as a base and multiple entries and exits, each re-entry starts a new landing permission, but each one is at the officer's discretion. Do not plan 180 days in Japan on the back of two 90-day entries.
3
If you are Mexican (or from another note 8 country): you get up to 6 months, but with a procedure in between
Note 8 covers the countries «with visa exemptions permitting stays of up to 6 months under the bilateral visa exemption arrangements». In the table, the ones carrying it are Austria, Germany, Ireland, Liechtenstein, MEXICO, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The condition is in the same note: «those who wish to stay in Japan for more than 90 days are required to apply for an extension of the period of stay to the Ministry of Justice (Regional Immigration Bureau) before the period of permitted stay is to expire».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: The six months are NOT automatic. You enter with a landing permission and if you want to go beyond 90 days you have to go to a Regional Immigration Bureau of the Ministry of Justice BEFORE the period you were given expires. Staying on day 91 without having applied for the extension is an irregular stay, with everything that implies for re-entering later.
4
If you are Brazilian, Panamanian, Paraguayan or Peruvian: the exemption applies ONLY with an ICAO-compliant ePassport
Note 2 is categorical: «For nationals of Montenegro (since September 1, 2025), Peru (since July 1, 2025), Paraguay (since June 1, 2025), Panama (since April 1, 2024), Brazil (since September 30, 2023), United Arab Emirates (since November 1, 2022), Thailand (since July 1, 2013) and Serbia (since May 1, 2011), visas are not required only for holders of ePassport in compliance with ICAO standards. Those who do not hold such ePassport are requested to obtain a visa in advance, otherwise will be refused to enter Japan». MOFA defines what that passport is: «ePassport in compliance with ICAO standards has IC chip that stores certain individual and biometric data including a digital image of the passport photograph. ePassport in compliance with ICAO standards has ePassport's symbol on the front cover of the passport».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: The difference in wording between notes is everything. For Malaysia, Barbados, Turkey and Lesotho (notes 3 and 7), without the right passport you «will be strictly examined and may be refused entry»: there is some leeway. For Brazil, Panama, Paraguay and Peru (note 2) the phrase is «will be refused to enter Japan»: there is no leeway. Look for the chip symbol on the cover of your passport before buying your ticket.
5
IF YOU ARE URUGUAYAN, READ THIS BEFORE BUYING ANYTHING
MOFA published a specific note for Uruguay, number 11, and it is the most serious warning on the whole page. Verbatim: «The new version of Uruguayan ordinary passport issued after April 16, 2025, which does not include a “place of birth” on the personal data page, is not recognized as valid by the Japanese government. Therefore, these new passports will not be eligible for travel to Japan. The Japanese visa exemption arrangement applies only to Uruguayan nationals holding the old version of Uruguayan passports. Uruguayan nationals holding the old version of passports will remain eligible for visa exemption even if their passports were issued after April 16, 2025».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: Read it twice, because the criterion is NOT the date: it is the MODEL. Open your Uruguayan passport to the personal data page and look for the «place of birth» field. If it is NOT there, Japan does not recognise that document as valid for travel, and that means neither the exemption nor the passport is any use to you: it is not a problem you can fix by getting a visa, because the document itself is not recognised. If the field IS there, you are covered by the exemption even if the passport was issued after 16 April 2025. Check with the Embassy of Japan in Montevideo before buying tickets, not after.
6
If you need a visa: first check whether the JAPAN eVISA works for you, because it goes by RESIDENCE
The eVISA lets you apply for the visa online and receive it electronically, but eligibility is not by nationality but by country or region of RESIDENCE. As of 15 May 2026, MOFA offers it in two ways. Directly through the official site, for residents of «Australia, Brazil, Cambodia, Canada, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Taiwan, United Kingdom, U.S.A.», and also for «All foreign nationals/people residing in Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Macau, Mongolia, the Republic of Korea (except jurisdiction over the Consulate General of Japan in Jeju), Singapore and United Arab Emirates, except those who are exempt from short-term visa». Through an accredited agency: nationals of China residing in China, and nationals of the Philippines and Vietnam residing in their own countries who «participate in a packaged tour organized by designated travel agencies». Three more conditions: «Japan eVISA is available for those traveling to Japan by air or sea (limited to international scheduled passenger ferries between Japan and Busan or Shanghai)», «the applicant may be requested to appear in person at the Japanese overseas establishment» and «Only ordinary passport holder is eligible to apply through JAPAN eVISA website».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: None of our countries that need a visa —Colombia, Bolivia, Ecuador, Cuba, Nicaragua, Venezuela— is on the list of eligible residence countries. If you live in your own country, the eVISA is not an available path for you: it is the consulate. It only helps if you RESIDE in one of the eligible countries, whatever your passport.
7
If you use the eVISA: the detail that ruins it is how it is shown at the airport
The eVISA is not printed. Verbatim from MOFA: «Travelers with eVISA are required to display “Visa issuance notice” at the airport in the internet environment. PDF data, screenshot and printed copy will not be accepted». And on data-entry errors: «If your application is incomplete, we will cancel it without processing. Once cancelled, you are supposed to reapply (for your visa)» and «Entering incorrect information and/or uploading incomplete/wrong documents could lead to a delay in examination or cancellation of your eVISA application, which may affect your travel plans». The official site is evisa.mofa.go.jp and there is an enquiries mailbox: japan-visa@bridge-ms.com.
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: You need an internet connection at the counter. No PDF, no screenshot, no printout: you have to open the notice online, live. Bring roaming or an eSIM that works from the moment you get off the plane, and read the official guide «How to display the Visa issuance notice» before travelling. And MOFA's verbatim warning: «Please beware of fraud websites looking alike the JAPAN eVISA website».
8
If you go through the consulate: identify which one is yours, because you cannot choose
Official rule: «An application for visa is made by the applicant him/herself at the Japanese Embassy / Consulate General with jurisdiction over the area in which the applicant lives or those with jurisdiction over the country of which the applicant's passport is issued. In some cases the application may be made by an accredited travel agent that has been approved by the Japanese Embassy / Consulate General». And the FAQ shuts the door on the most common shortcut: «You can apply for the visa at the Japanese Embassy / Consulate General in your own country (region) or country (region) of residence (if there is more than one, apply to the Japanese Embassy / Consulate General nearest from where you live). In other words, you cannot apply for a visa at your travel destination; however, if there are unavoidable circumstances, consult with the Japanese Embassy / Consulate General where you would like to apply for the visa before making the application». For Taiwan the procedure goes through the Taipei or Kaohsiung offices of the Japan-Taiwan Exchange Association.
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: You do not apply for the Japanese visa «in passing» in another country. And there is a list of reasons for which they simply will not accept your file, including this one: «The application is made to the Japanese Embassy / Consulate General outside your country (region) of birth or country (region) of residence». Other grounds for non-acceptance worth knowing: already holding a valid visa or re-entry permit, having the file under processing at another consulate, «There are some errors or omissions in the submitted documents» and «The period of validity or the visa attachment space of your passport is insufficient».
9
Download the guide for YOUR nationality, not the generic one
MOFA publishes the guides by region and some are country-specific. For Latin America and the Caribbean there are four different paths: «Nationals of Colombia (PDF)», «Nationals of Ecuador (PDF)», «Nationals of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (PDF)», «Nationals of Saint Christopher and Nevis (PDF)» and «Nationals of other Latin American and Caribbean countries and regions (PDF)». The procedures page is updated to 9 February 2026 and is also where the official forms are downloaded.
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: If you are Colombian or Ecuadorian, your guide is NOT the generic Latin America one: there is a dedicated one and the requirements differ. Downloading the wrong one is the surest way to turn up to your appointment with an incomplete file. And do not download forms from blogs: MOFA publishes them on its own website, in English, Spanish, Portuguese and Korean.
10
What the applicant provides: six documents, according to the official April 2025 checklist
MOFA's «Checklist for “Single-Entry Short-Term Stay Visa”», April 2025 version, separates what the traveller provides from what the person inviting them provides. For TOURISM, your part is: «①Valid Passport», «②1 Visa application form», «③1 Photo», «④Flight itinerary with the flight/ship number and date of arrival and departure to and from Japan», «⑤One of the following documents to prove ability to pay travel expenses during your stay in Japan: Income certificate or tax return issued by a public agency / Bank statement, balance certificate etc.» and «⑥Itinerary in Japan». If the purpose is business, add «Document to prove that you are traveling to Japan for business purposes» and «Certificate of employment»; if it is visiting relatives or friends, «Document to prove kinship, friendship, or acquaintance relationship»: for relatives, a birth certificate, marriage certificate or koseki tohon; for friends, «Photos, E-mails, Call history, Letters etc.».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: The flight itinerary has to include «the flight/ship number»: dates alone are not enough. And the proof of funds is your income certificate or tax return issued by a public body, or a bank statement or balance certificate. A screenshot of your online banking is not a «balance certificate».
11
The itinerary in Japan: it is a form, not an email with ideas
MOFA publishes the «Travel itinerary» form and says exactly what it has to contain: «The scheduled date of arrival and departure to and from Japan, and flight information (if known)», «Accommodations (if you are visiting a friend or relative, write their full address. If you are staying at a hotel, write the name, address, and phone number.)» and «List down what you plan to do in Japan. If the same schedule continues for consecutive days, you can write SAME AS ABOVE». And here comes the good news, verbatim: «Reservations and payments for airline tickets, accommodations, transportation, etc. are not required at the time of visa application. We are not responsible for any cancellation fees incurred».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: Read that last sentence twice before buying anything: MOFA does not ask you for PAID tickets or hotels, and washes its hands of cancellations. Fill in the itinerary day by day with the name, address and phone number of each accommodation, but do not issue tickets or pay for non-refundable bookings until the visa is in your passport.
12
If someone in Japan is inviting you: the invitation letter has a mandatory format
The letter is prepared by the person inviting you, and MOFA sets how: «The letter should be addressed to the Japanese Ambassador or the Consul General», «Provide details of activities planned in Japan related to the purpose of visit to Japan (vague description such as tourism and visiting friends/relatives is NOT acceptable)», «Include inviting person's name, address and phone number» and «Write full name of the visa applicant in the Latin alphabet». If several of you are travelling, the «List of visa applicants» goes in too. And a deadline that applies to EVERYTHING prepared in Japan: «The documents must have been issued within the last three months and must be valid at the time of submission».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: «Tourism» and «visiting a friend» are not acceptable reasons in the invitation letter: MOFA says so in capital letters, «vague description such as tourism and visiting friends/relatives is NOT acceptable». The person inviting you has to write what you are concretely going to do, day by day. And if the Japanese paperwork is more than three months old, it is no good: ask your host to obtain it close to your appointment, not months in advance.
13
The guarantor: not a symbolic signature, but a documented financial commitment
If someone in Japan is covering your expenses, they have to sign the «Letter of guarantee» and back it up. The official checklist also asks for: «Proof of funds of the guarantor (at least one of the following) *Withholding tax slip will not be accepted. The latest Certificate of income (the previous year's gross income must be included)/taxation issued by the head of administration of the place of residence, or tax return (Form 2) issued by the director of tax office» or «Balance certificate»; plus «Certificate of residence (Juminhyo) *Relationship to all family members must be included»; and if the guarantor is a foreign national, «a copy of both sides of guarantor's valid Residence Card (or special permanent resident certificate), Certificate of residence (Juminhyo) and a copy of passport». For business trips, the inviting organization has to be a legal entity, a public body or the State, and provide a certified copy of the company registration issued within the last three months, or the «Overview of company/organization» if it is not registered.
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: Before asking someone for their signature, show them this list: you will be asking for their income certificate with the previous year's gross income, their juminhyo with details of the whole household and, if they are a foreign national, a copy of both sides of their Residence Card and of their passport. This is sensitive information and many people say yes without knowing what it involves. Watch out for the technical detail too: the «withholding tax slip» is NOT accepted.
14
Submit: in person, by proxy, through an agency or via eVISA
The official FAQ lists the four routes: «(1) the visa applicant him/herself goes directly to the Japanese Embassy / Consulate General, (2) the visa applicant writes a Letter of Proxy and get a proxy to go to the Japanese Embassy / Consulate General in his / her place, (3) the visa applicant uses an accredited travel agent approved by the Japanese Embassy / Consulate General and (4) the visa applicant uses the JAPAN eVISA website and apply for visa online». But not all of them are open everywhere: «depending on the circumstances in your country or region, there are cases that the documents should only be submitted by the applicant him/herself going to the Japanese Embassy/Consulate General, or through an accredited travel agent. Check with the embassy or consulate general to which you plan to apply before making the application». On documents prepared in Japan: «Copy of documents prepared in Japan will be accepted; however, original documents may be requested if the Embassy/Consulate-General of Japan, where the visa application is to be submitted, requires detailed confirmation».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: A fact that surprises everyone: «Submitted documents, except passport, will not be returned». Everything you hand in stays there, except the passport. Make copies of every document before submitting it, especially the original certificates that took you effort to obtain.
15
Pay the fee knowing when it is NOT paid and when it does not come back
From 1 July 2026: approximately 15,000 yen for single entry and 30,000 yen for multiple entry, converted and charged in the local currency of the country where the mission is located. «In principle, fees must be paid in cash using the local currency». The good part: «You will not be required to pay visa issuance fees if the visa is not issued». The bad part: if you apply through an accredited agency, «a separate handling fee charged by the agency will apply, in addition to the visa fee», and if the visa was issued and you then cancel, «visa fees will not be refunded even if the visa is cancelled before being used».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: Go with cash in local currency. Credit cards, in principle, only work via the eVISA and only in some countries. And if you go through an agency, ask about the fee SEPARATELY before handing anything over: it is money that does not appear on any MOFA page and varies by agency.
16
Wait for the decision: five working days if everything checks out, a month or more if not
Standard timeframe: «5 working days from the day following the date of receipt of the application, provided that there is no particular problem with the content of application». If they ask for something more: «Sometimes additional information will be required for the examination process... If you do not submit the additional documents, the examination cannot be processed any further, and you will not be able to get the visa issued». And if the case goes up to Tokyo, «issuance of a visa may take more than a month», with an official range of «a couple of weeks to several months». It cannot be rushed: «We process the applications fairly in the order in which we received them. Apply for the visa as soon as possible once your travel plan has been decided».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: A request for additional documents is not a bad omen, it is routine: MOFA explains that «Each applicant has different conditions and circumstances, and sometimes we do not become aware of these until the application has been accepted». What is fatal is not sending them: without the extra paperwork the file stops and nothing is issued. Check your email every day.
17
If you get it: you have three months to enter, and it is used up on the first landing
This is the fact almost no guide publishes and MOFA does. «Visas are only valid for entering Japan on one occasion. The period of validity of the single-entry visa is three months. Please make sure that the bearer of visa apply for landing with an immigration inspector at the port of entry where he/she seeks to land and undergo an examination for landing before the visa is expired. The visa will become invalid once he/she applied for landing or be expired by reaching expiry date which is earlier». And there is no extension: «The extension of period of validity of visa is not possible». The FAQ repeats it for the case of postponing the trip: «Enter Japan within three months of the issuance of the visa. If you wish to postpone your travel for longer than three months, you will be required to make another visa application». For multiple-entry visas: «The period of validity of these visas is from one to five years».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: Do not apply for the visa six months in advance: it expires before you travel and you have to pay for it and process it again. The useful window is to apply once the trip is decided and within the three months before it. And if you lose the passport with the visa inside, there is no replacement: «If you need a new visa, you must make an application again».
18
If they refuse it: they will not tell you why, and you have to wait six months
MOFA gives no reasons, and justifies it in writing: «We do not give you the specific reason of the rejection because if we do so, the information would eventually become known to the public... The Administrative Procedure Act, Article 3, Paragraph 1, Item 10 excludes “dispositions concerning departure and immigration of foreign nationals” from application of the obligation to show the examination criteria or the reasons for the rejection of the application». What it does publish are the four criteria for issuance: a valid passport with the right to re-enter your country, documents that are «authentic, completed and satisfactory», that the activity and the length of stay fit the Immigration Control Act, and not falling under any of the cases in Article 5.1 of that law. And the block: «We do not accept your visa application if your previous application was rejected and you will apply for the same purpose of visit within six months from the rejection», with a narrow valve: «we sometimes accept re-applications within six months in cases where your circumstances have changed significantly after the rejection, and travel to Japan is necessary for humanitarian reasons».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: The six-month block is the reason it pays to put together the complete file the first time. There is no «let's try, and if it doesn't work out we try again next week»: if you are refused for tourism, you cannot apply again for tourism for six months. And since they do not give you the reason, the second attempt is blind.
19
At the counter in Narita, Haneda or Kansai: the visa is not the entry
MOFA explains it in its FAQ, answering the question «Why was my application to enter Japan rejected even though I had a valid visa?»: «A visa is no more than one of the requirements for the application to land in Japan and it does not guarantee that you will be able to enter Japan. (There is a warning on the visa application form and your signature on the application form means you have accepted this fact.) Even if you have a valid visa, sometimes you will not be given permission to enter Japan, for example in cases where the person who makes the landing application is different from the person whose name is recorded in the visa, and also in cases where you cannot properly explain to the immigration officer the activities you plan to engage in after entering Japan».
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: The second cause of refusal MOFA names is the one that could happen to you: not being able to explain to the officer what you are going to do in Japan. Carry the printed itinerary, the addresses of your accommodation and your outbound ticket, and have your answer rehearsed. And if you enter without a visa, exactly the same applies: landing permission is decided by the officer, not by the exemption.
20
JESTA: the law exists, the procedure does NOT yet exist
Here is the fact that gets confused the most, verified on 23/09/2026 on the website of Japan's Immigration Services Agency (出入国在留管理庁). On 29 May 2026 Parliament passed the amendment to the Immigration Control and Refugee Recognition Act, promulgated on 5 June 2026 as Act No. 32 of 2026, and its contents include «JESTA(電子渡航認証制度)の創設», the creation of JESTA, the electronic travel authorization system. But the entry into force of that part has no date: the official text says the JESTA provisions will take effect «令和11年3月31日までの間において政令で定める日», that is, on a date to be set by cabinet order at some point BEFORE 31 March 2029. For comparison: the provisions on fees for changing residence status in the same law have a much closer cap, 31 March 2027.
Go to the official site for this step →
Watch out: JESTA START DATE: NOT PUBLISHED. The only thing fixed is the legal cap, 31 March 2029, and that it will target visa-exempt travellers. As of 23/09/2026 there is no official site to apply for it, there is no published fee and it is NOT needed to travel to Japan. If someone sells you a «JESTA» today, it is a scam.
Go to the official site →
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (MOFA) — VISA: short-term stay visa exemption and consular procedure

📋 What you need at hand

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🔎 Where this comes from

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Photos from Wikimedia Commons, each under its own licence (CC BY, CC BY-SA or public domain). Open each file to see its author and licence.
Chureito Pagoda and Mount Fuji 2023-03-07